Compounds

Testosterone enanthate is a long-acting ester of testosterone, the primary endogenous androgen in men. It is a licensed medicine for male hypogonadism and the most widely used compound in non-medical performance and physique contexts — both on its own and as the base of nearly every multi-compound protocol. Because it is bioidentical to endogenous testosterone once the ester cleaves, its effect profile is the reference point against which every other anabolic compound is described.

A long-acting testosterone ester near-identical in practice to enanthate, differing only in a marginally longer half-life. The most common TRT ester in the United States.

A once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist licensed for type 2 diabetes and obesity — the drug that defined the current weight-loss era. Large, well-evidenced weight loss with a gastrointestinal side-effect profile as the main limit.

Diazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine licensed since 1963 for anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasm, and seizures. It has decades of clinical use and produces anxiolysis, sedation, and muscle relaxation, but carries substantial dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal liability.

Tamoxifen is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with decades of oncology trial data. It antagonises oestrogen at breast tissue (used to prevent and treat gynaecomastia) while acting as an oestrogen agonist at the hypothalamus/pituitary, raising LH, FSH and endogenous testosterone — which makes it a mainstay of post-cycle therapy (PCT).

Alprazolam is a short- to intermediate-acting triazolobenzodiazepine licensed for anxiety and panic disorder. Its rapid onset and high potency make it effective but also give it one of the higher dependence and misuse liabilities among benzodiazepines.

Finasteride is a type II 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that lowers dihydrotestosterone (DHT), used for male-pattern hair loss and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In the PED context it is used to reduce androgenic hair loss driven by DHT and DHT-derived compounds — but it does nothing against non-DHT androgens (e.g. nandrolone, trenbolone) and can worsen some, and it approximately halves PSA, which must be accounted for in prostate screening.

Isotretinoin is an oral retinoid (13-cis-retinoic acid) that produces durable remission of severe, treatment-resistant acne. In the PED context it is used for the severe androgen-driven acne that high-dose steroids can cause. It is highly effective but carries substantial risks: it is powerfully teratogenic, raises triglycerides and liver enzymes, dries skin and mucosa, and has a debated association with mood disturbance.

Letrozole is a highly potent non-steroidal (reversible) aromatase inhibitor. It is extremely effective at lowering oestrogen — so effective that it is the AI most likely to be over-used, crashing oestradiol to symptomatic levels. It has legitimate niche uses (established gynaecomastia reversal, ovulation induction) but for routine on-cycle oestrogen control it is easy to badly over-suppress.

Lorazepam is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine licensed for anxiety, status epilepticus, and sedation. It has no active metabolites and is metabolised by glucuronidation, making it useful in hepatic impairment, but shares the class dependence and withdrawal liability.

Midazolam is a short-acting, water-soluble benzodiazepine used mainly for procedural sedation, anaesthesia induction, and acute seizure control. Though usually given parenterally or buccally in hospital, an oral form exists; it carries strong sedation, amnestic effects, and respiratory depression risk.

Clonazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine licensed for epilepsy and panic disorder. Its long half-life gives smooth coverage, but sustained use produces tolerance, dependence, and a withdrawal syndrome that can include seizures on abrupt cessation.

A non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor used to control oestradiol on aromatising cycles. Effective and well studied — with over-suppression, not under-dosing, the more common error.

Cabergoline is a long-acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist used clinically for hyperprolactinaemia and Parkinson's disease. In the PED context it is used to lower prolactin elevated by 19-nortestosterone compounds (nandrolone, trenbolone), addressing prolactin-driven gynaecomastia and sexual dysfunction. Its long half-life allows twice-weekly dosing, but high cumulative doses carry a cardiac valve risk.

Steroidal, irreversible ('suicidal') aromatase inhibitor developed for post-menopausal breast cancer. In the PED context it is used to blunt oestrogen conversion from aromatising androgens. Because it is androgenic and does not raise SHBG the way non-steroidal AIs can, it is often favoured, but the recurring error is aggressive dosing that crashes oestradiol and produces joint pain, low libido and adverse lipids.

Clomifene (clomiphene) is a SERM, a mixture of two isomers (enclomiphene and zuclomiphene). Like tamoxifen it blocks oestrogen feedback at the pituitary to raise LH, FSH and testosterone, and it is widely used in PCT and for male hypogonadism/fertility. Its distinctive drawback is oestrogenic-agonist visual side effects — blurring, floaters and flashes — driven largely by the long-lived zuclomiphene isomer.

Dutasteride is a dual (type I and type II) 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, more complete and longer-acting than finasteride. It suppresses serum DHT by more than 90%, making it a stronger option for DHT-driven hair loss and BPH — with correspondingly greater potential for DHT-dependent sexual side effects and a very long half-life that means effects persist for weeks after stopping.

Temazepam is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine licensed primarily as a hypnotic for short-term insomnia. Its relatively short duration reduces next-day hangover but does not remove the class-wide dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal liability.

Chlordiazepoxide was the first benzodiazepine, introduced in 1960, and is licensed for anxiety and, prominently, for managing alcohol withdrawal. Its long half-life and active metabolites give smooth coverage, but it retains the class dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal liability.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone that mimics luteinising hormone (LH), directly stimulating the Leydig cells of the testes to produce testosterone. It is used to maintain testicular size and function during suppressive cycles and as part of HPTA restart, preventing or reversing the testicular atrophy that exogenous androgens cause.

Raloxifene is a second-generation SERM approved for osteoporosis and breast cancer risk reduction. In the PED context it is valued specifically for gynaecomastia: clinical data suggest it reduces established pubertal gynaecomastia more effectively than tamoxifen, making it a preferred SERM when glandular tissue has already formed.

Triazolam is a very short-acting triazolobenzodiazepine licensed as a hypnotic for short-term insomnia. Its rapid clearance minimises next-day hangover but promotes rebound insomnia, and its high potency gives significant dependence and amnestic liability.

Nitrazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine licensed as a hypnotic for insomnia and, in some countries, for certain childhood epilepsies. Its long half-life gives sustained sedation but promotes next-day hangover and accumulation, alongside the class dependence and withdrawal liability.

Pramipexole is a non-ergot dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist used for Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. In the PED context it is used, like cabergoline, to lower prolactin raised by 19-nortestosterone compounds. Being non-ergot it lacks the cardiac valve concern of cabergoline, but is dosed daily and is prone to nausea, somnolence and, notably, impulse-control problems.

Bromazepam is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine licensed for short-term anxiety in many European and other countries. It provides reliable anxiolysis but shares the class dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal liability, with seizure risk on abrupt cessation.

A mild oral DHT-derived steroid with a genuine clinical history in burns and wasting. Popular for strength and definition without water retention — with a worse lipid profile than its gentle reputation suggests.

A once-weekly dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist licensed for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Produces the largest mean weight loss of any approved agent to date, at the cost of a dose-limiting gastrointestinal side-effect profile.

Enclomiphene is the trans-isomer of clomifene, isolated from the mixed drug to keep the potent oestrogen-antagonist activity while dropping the long-lived zuclomiphene isomer responsible for many of clomifene's side effects. It raises LH, FSH and testosterone in men with secondary hypogonadism and clears quickly, making it a cleaner SERM for raising testosterone while preserving fertility.

A long-acting ester of nandrolone (19-nortestosterone), the most-studied 19-nor anabolic. Added to testosterone protocols for lean mass and joint comfort, with a progestogenic side-effect profile and a very long detection window as the cost.

A four-ester testosterone blend of Polish/Jelfa origin, historically analogous to Sustanon. Original formulations combined testosterone propionate, phenylpropionate, and two longer esters; the modern reformulation mirrors Sustanon 250 exactly. Delivers the full testosterone effect profile with a staggered release from fast to slow esters.

Oral testosterone ester (undecanoate) formulated in oleic acid to be absorbed via the intestinal lymphatics, bypassing first-pass hepatic metabolism. Marketed as Andriol/Restandol for testosterone replacement, it avoids the 17-alpha-alkylation hepatotoxicity of older oral androgens but delivers erratic, food-dependent, short-lived serum levels.

A long-chain (10-carbon) ester of testosterone best known as one of the four components of Sustanon. As a standalone raw ester it is uncommon, but its slow release makes it a component of choice in blends and some long-acting testosterone preparations. Effects are identical to any testosterone preparation once the ester is cleaved; the decanoate chain simply stretches the release window.

Kratom is a herbal product from the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, a Southeast Asian tree. Its principal active alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, act at opioid and monoamine receptors, giving stimulant-like effects at low doses and opioid-like sedation and analgesia at higher doses. It is used for pain, energy, mood and opioid-withdrawal self-management. Regular use can cause dependence, and it interacts with opioids and other sedatives.

An ultra-long-acting testosterone ester (trans-4-n-butylcyclohexane carboxylate) developed as a candidate depot for hormonal male contraception and hypogonadism, with a single injection sustaining levels for many weeks. Its effects are those of testosterone; it was studied in small human trials but never widely marketed.

A moderately long-acting nandrolone ester using the cypionate (cyclopentylpropionate) chain, giving release kinetics similar to nandrolone decanoate. Effects match nandrolone (deca); it is less commonly manufactured than decanoate or phenylpropionate, so ester-specific human data are thin.

4-chlorotestosterone, a testosterone derivative whose 4-chloro substitution blocks aromatisation and 5-alpha reduction, yielding a mild, non-estrogenic anabolic. Best known today via its acetate ester in topical wound-healing creams (Trofodermin), which have caused several high-profile inadvertent doping positives.

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate) is a CNS depressant that occurs naturally in the body and is used medically as sodium oxybate for narcolepsy. Recreationally it produces euphoria, sedation and disinhibition, but it has an unusually narrow dose-response: the gap between a recreational dose and one causing unconsciousness, coma or respiratory arrest is small, and it is measured in millilitres or grams that are easy to misjudge. Combining GHB with alcohol sharply raises the risk of coma and death.

A very long-acting (12-carbon laurate) ester of nandrolone, marketed for veterinary use as Laurabolin. Effects mirror nandrolone (deca) but the long ester gives an extended, flat release requiring infrequent injection. Human data are limited; most evidence is veterinary and anecdotal.

A long-acting nandrolone ester using the 11-carbon undecanoate chain, giving a slow, extended release similar to (or slightly beyond) decanoate. Effects match nandrolone; it is an uncommon preparation with limited ester-specific human data.

A potent 19-nor androgen originally developed for cattle, never approved for human use. Produces dramatic recomposition alongside the heaviest side-effect burden of any compound in common use.

The short-ester injectable form of methenolone (Primobolan), using the propionate chain for a fast, short release requiring frequent injection. Effects mirror methenolone: mild, non-aromatising, DHT-derived anabolic favoured for lean gains and cutting, with low androgenicity and no estrogenic activity.

One of the earliest commercial oral anabolic steroids, marketed as Nilevar from the mid-1950s. A 17-alpha-ethylated 19-nortestosterone derivative, it was used for wasting and osteoporosis but developed a reputation for pronounced hepatotoxicity, virilisation and progestogenic side effects, and was largely superseded by cleaner agents.

GBL (gamma-butyrolactone) is an industrial solvent and a prodrug of GHB: once ingested it is rapidly converted to GHB by the body. It shares GHB's effects and its dangerously narrow dose-response, but is absorbed faster and is more potent by volume, making misdosing even easier. As with GHB, the combination with alcohol markedly raises the risk of coma and death.

A long-acting trenbolone ester (cyclohexylmethylcarbonate), historically the active ingredient in the veterinary product Parabolan. Effects mirror trenbolone: powerful, non-aromatising anabolism with strong androgenic and progestogenic activity and pronounced side effects. Human data are limited and largely anecdotal.

A weakly androgenic oral 19-nortestosterone derivative that lacks the 3-keto group, marketed under names such as Maxibolin and Orabolin for wasting and as a veterinary agent. It is essentially a prodrug-like relative of norethandrolone and is considered mild but hepatotoxic due to 17-alpha-alkylation.

A short-ester version of boldenone, the anabolic behind Equipoise (EQ). The propionate chain gives a fast, short release requiring frequent injection, unlike the long-acting undecylenate. Effects mirror boldenone: steady lean gains, appetite and red-cell stimulation with modest estrogenic activity. Ester-specific data are minimal.

A very short-acting acetate ester of drostanolone (Masteron), requiring daily or every-other-day injection. Effects mirror drostanolone: a mild, non-aromatising DHT-derived anabolic with mild anti-estrogenic activity, favoured for hardening and cutting. Ester-specific human data are minimal.

1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is an industrial solvent and a prodrug of GHB: it is metabolised in the liver to GHB via alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Its effects, narrow dose-response and dependence risk mirror GHB, but onset is delayed and variable, and its shared metabolism with ethanol produces a dangerous interaction with alcohol.

A very short-acting acetate ester of boldenone, requiring near-daily injection. Effects mirror boldenone (Equipoise): gradual quality lean gains, appetite and red-cell stimulation, moderate estrogenic activity. Ester-specific human data are essentially absent.

DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine) is a synthetic aliphatic amine stimulant once marketed as a nasal decongestant and later sold widely in pre-workout and weight-loss supplements. It raises blood pressure and heart rate and has been linked in case reports to hypertension, cardiac events, cerebral haemorrhage and stroke, prompting regulators including the FDA to warn against it and remove it from supplements.

A Japanese DHT-derived oral steroid (Miotolan) bearing a furazan (oxadiazole) ring fused to the A-ring, structurally akin to stanozolol. Studied and used partly for its reputed cholesterol-lowering effect, it is a non-aromatising, 17-alpha-methylated oral with the usual hepatic and lipid liabilities.

An obscure testosterone ester formed with nicotinic acid (niacin). Historically appearing in a handful of mid-20th-century preparations, it is essentially absent from modern medicine and sport. Its effects are those of testosterone; ester-specific human data are extremely sparse, so it is characterised largely by inference from the parent hormone.

17-alpha-methylandrostenediol, a mild anabolic that is a methylated derivative of the testosterone precursor androstenediol. Sold historically for human use and still found in veterinary products, often as the dipropionate ester, it is regarded as weak but with a reputation for synergising other steroids.

An orally active cyclopentenyl enol ether of boldenone, marketed in Italy as Anabolicum Vister. It is essentially an oral prodrug of boldenone (Dianabol's non-methylated relative) and was used for geriatric and paediatric anabolic therapy, but it is weakly effective orally and has largely vanished.

A potent 7-alpha,17-alpha-dimethyl testosterone derivative developed in the 1960s (Myagen). It is strongly anabolic and androgenic and orally active, but was withdrawn early and is essentially uncharacterised in the modern literature, surviving mainly as a doping-control reference and grey-market curiosity.

DMHA (2-aminoisoheptane, octodrine) is a synthetic aliphatic amine stimulant used in pre-workout and fat-burner supplements, often as a successor to DMAA. It is a sympathomimetic that raises energy, focus and blood pressure. Human safety data are limited, but its close similarity to DMAA raises comparable cardiovascular concerns, and regulators including the FDA consider it an unlawful supplement ingredient.

A non-aromatising DHT-derived injectable anabolic (2-methyl-1-dehydro-DHT), closely related to methenolone (Primobolan). Marketed briefly as the acetate (Anatrofin/Stenbolone), it is a mild, dry, non-estrogenic compound that never gained a foothold and is essentially uncharacterised in modern studies.

Oxabolone cypionate (4-hydroxy-19-nortestosterone cypionate), an obscure injectable 19-nortestosterone derivative and a metabolite of the older steroid oxabolone. Marketed historically in a few European combination products, it is a mild nandrolone-family anabolic essentially uncharacterised in modern controlled studies.

Phenazepam is a potent, long-acting benzodiazepine developed in the Soviet Union in the 1970s and still used medically in Russia and some post-Soviet states. Elsewhere it spread as a research chemical and drug of misuse. It is strongly sedating with a long half-life, and has been implicated in many intoxication and overdose deaths, especially in combination with opioids or alcohol.

Rilmazafone is a water-soluble benzodiazepine prodrug developed and marketed in Japan as a hypnotic. It is inactive until metabolised in the gut to an active benzodiazepine. It has genuine Japanese clinical use as a sleep aid, but is treated as a research chemical elsewhere and shares the dependence profile of the class.

LSA (ergine, D-lysergic acid amide) is a naturally occurring ergoline alkaloid found in morning glory and Hawaiian baby woodrose (HBWR) seeds. It is a mild, sedating psychedelic relative of LSD, usually consumed by ingesting ground seeds. Nausea and heavy body load are prominent, and human data remains largely observational.

A substituted cathinone stimulant (3-chloromethcathinone) that replaced 3-MMC in several European markets after scheduling. Short-acting with a strongly compulsive redose pattern and almost no formal pharmacology.

Gidazepam is a benzodiazepine prodrug developed in the former Soviet Union and used medically in some post-Soviet states as an anxiolytic. It is metabolised to the long-acting active compound desalkylgidazepam. On the grey market it is sold as a research chemical; human data come mainly from regional clinical use.

3-Hydroxyphenazepam is a designer benzodiazepine and an active metabolite of phenazepam. It is sold as a research chemical and produces the sedative, anxiolytic and amnestic effects typical of the class, with a long duration. Human data is essentially limited to its role as a phenazepam metabolite and to user reports.

Diclazepam (chlorodiazepam) is a designer benzodiazepine and a chlorine analogue of diazepam. It is long-acting, high-potency, and sold as a research chemical with no clinical development. Effects mirror classic benzodiazepines: anxiolysis, sedation, muscle relaxation and amnesia, with a correspondingly high potential for dependence and dangerous additive respiratory depression when combined with opioids or alcohol.

Naphyrone (naphthylpyrovalerone, O-2482) is a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone in the pyrovalerone family, distinguished by a naphthalene ring in place of the phenyl group. It gained notoriety after the UK mephedrone ban as 'NRG-1'. It is a potent triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor with strong compulsive potential; human data remains limited.

1B-LSD is a semisynthetic lysergamide, the 1-butanoyl derivative of LSD, sold as a research chemical on blotter. It is generally regarded as a prodrug or slightly less potent analogue of LSD, producing comparable psychedelic effects. Human data is limited to user reports; no clinical studies exist.

1D-LSD is a semisynthetic lysergamide bearing a 1-cyclopropanecarbonyl-related acyl group on the LSD nitrogen, distributed as a research chemical largely in Germany. It behaves as a prodrug or near-equivalent of LSD with comparable psychedelic effects. Human data is limited to user reports.

Flubromazepam is a designer benzodiazepine with an exceptionally long half-life, first synthesised in 1960 but never developed clinically. A single dose can produce measurable effects and impairment for days. Sold as a research chemical, its very slow elimination makes accumulation, prolonged sedation, dependence and additive respiratory depression with opioids or alcohol its defining hazards.

Pyrazolam is a designer triazolobenzodiazepine structurally related to alprazolam and bromazepam. It is primarily anxiolytic with comparatively little sedation or euphoria, and is notable for not being metabolised into other active benzodiazepines. Sold as a research chemical, it still carries benzodiazepine dependence risk and dangerous additive respiratory depression with opioids or alcohol.

4-CMA (para-chloromethamphetamine, PCMA) is a ring-chlorinated methamphetamine analogue and potent serotonin-releasing agent. Unlike the beta-keto cathinones, it is a non-ketone amphetamine, but it circulated in the same research-chemical niche. It is notable for marked serotonergic neurotoxicity in animals and a high serotonin-syndrome risk, with essentially no legitimate human use.

Fonazepam, also known as 3-fluorophenazepam, is a designer benzodiazepine structurally derived from phenazepam. It is sold as a research chemical and reported to be long-acting and potent, producing sedation, anxiolysis and amnesia. No clinical human data exists; information is limited to analytical characterisation and user reports.

LSM-775 is a lysergamide in which the diethylamide of LSD is replaced by a morpholide group. It is a lesser-known psychedelic reported to be shorter-acting and somewhat less potent than LSD, with a more sedated character. Human information is very limited and largely historical or anecdotal.

Meclonazepam is a designer benzodiazepine originally investigated in the 1970s as an antiparasitic (schistosomicidal) agent. It is a methylated analogue of clonazepam with strong sedative, anxiolytic and muscle-relaxant activity. Sold as a research chemical, it carries the benzodiazepine class risks of dependence and additive respiratory depression with opioids or alcohol.

alpha-PBP (alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone) is a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone in the pyrovalerone family, a shorter-chain homologue of alpha-PVP. Sold as a research chemical, it is a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor with strong compulsive potential. Human data is minimal and all information is anecdotal.

4-EMC (4-ethylmethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant closely related to mephedrone, differing by an ethyl rather than methyl substituent on the aromatic ring. It surfaced on the research-chemical market as a legal-grey alternative to banned cathinones. Human data is essentially absent; reported effects are entirely anecdotal and describe a milder, more empathogenic and less euphoric profile than mephedrone.

4F-PVP (4'-fluoro-alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone) is a fluorinated analogue of alpha-PVP, a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone sold as a research chemical. It is a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor with strong compulsive potential. Human data is essentially absent and all information is anecdotal.

Difludiazepam is a potent designer benzodiazepine bearing two fluorine substituents, sold as a research chemical. It produces the sedative, anxiolytic and amnestic effects of the class and is reported to be strong by weight. It has no clinical human characterisation; information is limited to analytical work and user reports.

Fluclotizolam is a thienotriazolodiazepine designer benzodiazepine, closely related to clotizolam and etizolam. It is sold as a research chemical and reported to be extremely potent by weight, active in the low microgram-to-milligram range. There is no clinical human data; information comes from analytical work and user reports.

MDPPP (3',4'-methylenedioxy-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone) is a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone combining a methylenedioxy ring with a pyrrolidine core. Sold as a research chemical since the 2000s, it is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Human data is minimal and all effect information is anecdotal.

MPBP (4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone) is a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone stimulant, structurally related to the pyrovalerone/PVP family. Sold as a research chemical, it acts as a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Human data is minimal; anecdotal reports describe strong, compulsive stimulation typical of the pyrrolidinophenone class.

MPHP (4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexiophenone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone family, a longer-chain, ring-methylated relative of pyrovalerone and alpha-PVP. It circulated as a research chemical with no approved use. Human data is essentially absent; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a potent, long-lasting stimulant with heavy redose pressure.

N-Ethylnorpentylone (ephylone, N-ethylpentylone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant of the methylenedioxy-substituted series, the N-ethyl homologue of pentylone. It spread widely as an adulterant sold as 'MDMA' or in mislabelled products and has been implicated in mass-overdose events. Human pharmacology is largely uncharacterised; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a long, stimulating, entactogen-like profile with severe redose pressure.

2-CMC (2-chloromethcathinone, clophedrone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant, the ortho-chloro isomer of the halogenated methcathinone series that includes 4-CMC. It circulated widely as a research chemical after mephedrone bans. Human pharmacology is uncharacterised; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a stimulating, functional profile with a strong redose pull.

3,4-DMMC (3,4-dimethylmethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant, a dimethyl ring-substituted analogue of methcathinone closely related to mephedrone. It appeared on the research-chemical market as a legal-grey alternative to banned cathinones. Human data is essentially absent; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a stimulating, mildly euphoric profile with a strong redose pull.

3-EMC (3-ethylmethcathinone) is the meta-substituted isomer of 4-EMC, a synthetic cathinone sold as a research chemical. Like other meta cathinone isomers it is reported to be more stimulating and less entactogenic than its para counterpart. No human pharmacology has been formally characterised, and all effect and dose information is anecdotal.

4-MPD (4-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexanophenone-adjacent; commonly 4-methyl-pentedrone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant sold as a research chemical. It combines a 4-methyl ring substituent with a pentedrone-like backbone. Human data is absent; anecdotal reports describe a functional, moderately euphoric stimulant with pronounced redosing.

CE-LAD is a novel lysergamide research chemical, a substituted LAD-series analogue of LSD sold on blotter. It is very new and poorly characterised, reported to produce LSD-like psychedelic effects. Essentially all information comes from a small number of user reports.

MOPVP (4'-methoxy-alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone) is a pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone in the alpha-PVP family, bearing a methoxy substituent on the aromatic ring. Sold as a research chemical, it acts as a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor. There is essentially no human data; all information is anecdotal.

Nifoxipam (3-hydroxyflunitrazepam) is a designer benzodiazepine and an active metabolite of flunitrazepam. It has strong hypnotic and anxiolytic activity and is sold as a research chemical with essentially no human study data. It carries the standard benzodiazepine hazards of dependence and additive respiratory depression with opioids or alcohol.

Zapizolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine designer drug related to alprazolam, sold as a research chemical. It produces sedation, anxiolysis and amnesia and is reported to be potent by weight. It has no clinical human characterisation; information is limited to analytical detection and user reports.

bk-2C-B (beta-keto 2C-B, code DL-4662) is the cathinone-class beta-keto analogue of the phenethylamine psychedelic 2C-B. Structurally a cathinone by virtue of its beta-keto group, it is sold as a research chemical and reported to combine mild stimulation with faint psychedelic character. Human data is absent; all information is anecdotal.

4-MePPP (4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone family, a short-chain ring-methylated relative of alpha-PPP and MDPPP. It circulated as an early research chemical alongside the first-generation pyrrolidinophenones. Human pharmacology is uncharacterised; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a shorter, milder stimulant than the longer-chain pyrros.

Brephedrone (4-BMC, 4-bromomethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant, the para-bromo halogenated analogue of methcathinone in the same series as flephedrone and clephedrone. It circulated as a research chemical with no approved use. Human pharmacology is uncharacterised; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a moderate, somewhat harsh stimulant.

PV-8 (alpha-pyrrolidinoheptiophenone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone family, a longer seven-carbon chain homologue of alpha-PVP. It appeared on the research-chemical market as a successor to banned pyrrolidinophenones. Human pharmacology is uncharacterised; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a potent, long-lasting stimulant with heavy redose pressure.

TH-PVP (3',4'-tetramethylene-alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone; also read as a tetrahydronaphthalene-fused PVP) is a fused-ring pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone related to alpha-PVP and naphyrone. Sold as a research chemical, it is presumed to be a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Human data is essentially absent and all information is anecdotal.

alpha-PBT (alpha-pyrrolidinobutiothiophenone) is a thiophene-based pyrrolidine synthetic cathinone, replacing the phenyl ring of alpha-PBP with a thiophene ring. Sold as a research chemical, it is presumed to act as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Human data is essentially absent and all information is anecdotal.

4-MTMC (4-methylthiomethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant bearing a methylthio group at the para position of the aromatic ring. It is a niche research-chemical analogue of methcathinone with essentially no published human pharmacology. All reported effects are anecdotal and describe a mephedrone-like stimulant character.

Isopentedrone is a synthetic cathinone stimulant, a branched-chain isomer of pentedrone (a beta-keto amphetamine with a methylamino group). It is a niche research chemical with essentially no published human pharmacology. Reported effects are anecdotal and describe a pentedrone-like stimulant with a strong redose pull.

PV-9 (alpha-pyrrolidinooctiophenone) is a synthetic cathinone stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone family, an eight-carbon chain homologue extending the PV-8/alpha-PVP series. It is a niche research chemical with essentially no published human pharmacology. Reported effects are anecdotal and describe a potent, long-lasting stimulant with heavy redose pressure.

alpha-D2PV (alpha-di(2-thienyl)pyrrolidinopentane, or a dihydro/dithienyl pyrrolidinovalerophenone analogue) is a niche synthetic cathinone-type stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone family, structurally related to alpha-PVP with a modified aromatic system. It has essentially no published human pharmacology; reported effects are anecdotal and describe a potent, focused stimulant with heavy redose pressure.