Roidipedia.Compound reference & reporting
06 AUG 2026
CompoundsPharmaceutical Ranolazine
PharmaceuticalMetabolic modulatorAnti-anginalLate sodium current inhibitor

Ranolazine

Also known as Ranexa · RS-43285

An FDA-approved anti-anginal that inhibits the late sodium current in cardiac myocytes, reducing calcium overload during ischaemia. Originally proposed as a fatty-acid oxidation inhibitor, its main clinical action is now attributed to late-sodium-current blockade. It is not WADA-banned.

01 Overview

Ranolazine reduces the pathological late inward sodium current (late I-Na), which limits sodium-driven intracellular calcium overload during ischaemia, improving diastolic relaxation and myocardial perfusion. Unlike beta-blockers or calcium antagonists it does not meaningfully lower heart rate or blood pressure, making it useful in patients who cannot tolerate rate-limiting drugs.

It is approved for chronic stable angina, typically as add-on therapy. It prolongs the QT interval and has significant drug interactions through CYP3A metabolism. It is not on the WADA Prohibited List.

02 Mechanism

Selectively inhibits the late sodium current (late I-Na) in cardiomyocytes, reducing intracellular sodium and consequent calcium overload during ischaemia and improving diastolic function.

03 Dosing

TierDoseRouteNotes
Starting dose500 mgOral500 mg twice daily (extended-release).

04 Effects

EffectMagnitudeEvidence
Reduced angina frequencyDecreases anginal episodes and nitroglycerin use and increases exercise duration (MARISA, CARISA trials).moderateClinical
Anti-ischaemic without haemodynamic changeImproves ischaemia with minimal effect on heart rate or blood pressure.Clinical

05 Side effects

EffectSeverityFrequencyEvidenceCountermeasures
Dizziness and constipationDizziness, constipation, nausea and headache are the most frequent complaints.MildCommonClinical
QT interval prolongationProlongs QTc; caution with other QT-prolonging drugs.ModerateDose-dependentClinical
Drug accumulation with CYP3A inhibitorsStrong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g. ketoconazole, diltiazem) markedly raise plasma levels.ModerateInteraction-dependentClinical

07 References

Effects of ranolazine on recurrent cardiovascular events (MERLIN-TIMI 36)JAMA, 2007
Antianginal efficacy of ranolazine (CARISA trial)JAMA, 2004

08 Discussion0 comments

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This page is reference information, not medical advice. Doses and protocols are documented as they appear in the clinical literature and in practice — describing them is not a recommendation to use them. Countermeasures listed here are not a substitute for a physician. Legal status varies by jurisdiction and changes.