Cinolazepam
Cinolazepam is a benzodiazepine marketed in some European countries (notably as Gerodorm) as a hypnotic for insomnia. It is metabolised to the long-acting active metabolite temazepam. It is included here as it circulates on the grey market outside its licensed jurisdictions. Like other benzodiazepines it is a GABA-A positive allosteric modulator producing sedation and sleep induction.
01 Overview
Cinolazepam was developed as a sleep-promoting benzodiazepine and has genuine, if limited, clinical use in a few countries. Its hypnotic effect is driven both by the parent compound and by conversion to temazepam.
Because it is not licensed in most jurisdictions, material sold internationally is frequently unregulated research-chemical stock of uncertain purity. Dependence, tolerance and rebound insomnia follow the general benzodiazepine pattern.
02 Mechanism
Positive allosteric modulator at the GABA-A benzodiazepine site, enhancing GABAergic inhibition; partly active via its temazepam metabolite.
03 Dosing
| Tier | Dose | Route | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Light | 10–20 mg | Oral | Lower hypnotic dosing. |
| Common | 20–40 mg | Oral | Reflects the licensed hypnotic dose taken before sleep. |
04 Effects
| Effect | Magnitude | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep inductionReduced sleep latency and hypnotic effect. | Anecdotal | ||
| AnxiolysisAnxiety reduction typical of benzodiazepines. | Anecdotal | ||
| SedationGeneral CNS depression and drowsiness. | Anecdotal |
05 Side effects
| Effect | Severity | Frequency | Evidence | Countermeasures |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependence and withdrawalTolerance, physical dependence, rebound insomnia and withdrawal including seizure risk on abrupt cessation. | Severe | Common with regular use | Anecdotal | |
| Respiratory depressionDepressed respiratory drive, greatly increased when combined with opioids or alcohol. | Life-threatening | Uncommon alone, higher with CNS depressants | Anecdotal | |
| Next-day sedationResidual drowsiness, impaired coordination and memory the following day. | Moderate | Common | Anecdotal |