Norflurazepam
Norflurazepam is a long-acting designer benzodiazepine and an active metabolite shared by several licensed benzodiazepines, including flurazepam. It has appeared as a standalone research chemical. Like other benzodiazepines it is a positive allosteric modulator at GABA-A receptors, producing sedation, anxiolysis and muscle relaxation, with a long half-life that favours accumulation on repeated dosing.
01 Overview
Norflurazepam (N-desalkylflurazepam) is generated in the body as a metabolite of flurazepam, flutoprazepam and related compounds, and is also sold directly as a grey-market benzodiazepine. Its very long elimination half-life means effects and impairment can persist and accumulate across days.
Human pharmacological data specific to norflurazepam as a standalone product are limited to metabolite studies and forensic case reports. Dosing, potency and risk are not well characterised, and product purity in the unregulated market is inconsistent.
02 Mechanism
Positive allosteric modulator at the benzodiazepine site of GABA-A receptors, enhancing chloride conductance and increasing inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission.
03 Dosing
| Tier | Dose | Route | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Light | 2–5 mg | Oral | Anecdotal. |
| Common | 5–15 mg | Oral | Anecdotal ranges only; long half-life causes day-to-day accumulation. |
04 Effects
| Effect | Magnitude | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AnxiolysisReduction in anxiety typical of benzodiazepines. | Anecdotal | ||
| SedationDrowsiness and reduced arousal, often prolonged. | Anecdotal | ||
| Muscle relaxationSkeletal muscle relaxation. | Anecdotal |
05 Side effects
| Effect | Severity | Frequency | Evidence | Countermeasures |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependence and withdrawalTolerance, physical dependence and a protracted withdrawal syndrome including rebound anxiety, insomnia and seizure risk. | Severe | Common with regular use | Anecdotal | |
| Respiratory depressionSuppression of respiratory drive, markedly increased when combined with opioids or alcohol. | Life-threatening | Uncommon alone, higher with CNS depressants | Anecdotal | |
| Prolonged sedation and impairmentNext-day and cumulative sedation, impaired coordination and memory due to long half-life. | Moderate | Common | Anecdotal |