Research chemicalStimulantResearch chemicalPhenmetrazine analogueNorepinephrine-dopamine releaser

3-FPM (Prolintane analogue / PAL-593)

Also known as 3-FPM · 3-fluorophenmetrazine · PAL-593

Written by enwyReviewed 4 Aug 20262 sources0 comments

3-FPM (3-fluorophenmetrazine, PAL-593) is a phenmetrazine analogue and research-chemical stimulant related to prolintane in its functional profile. It is reported as a moderate, functional stimulant, but has been implicated in poisonings and deaths in Europe, often in combination with other drugs.

01 Overview

3-FPM is a fluorinated analogue of phenmetrazine, a classic stimulant appetite suppressant. Sold as a 'legal high', it is described by users as a moderate, relatively functional stimulant with a manageable duration.

Despite its reputation, 3-FPM has been reported by European monitoring bodies in cases of serious toxicity and death, frequently alongside other substances. Human pharmacological data is minimal, and its cardiovascular and neurotoxic risks remain poorly defined.

02 Mechanism

Acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent, similar to phenmetrazine, promoting catecholamine release to produce stimulation.

03 Dosing

Tier	Dose	Route	Notes
Light	20–40 mg	Oral	Anecdotal functional dose range.
Common	20–50 mg	Insufflated	Reported as harsh; faster onset increases redosing risk.
Common	40–80 mg	Oral	Duration commonly reported 5-7 hours.

04 Effects

Effect	Magnitude	Evidence
Functional stimulationEnergy, focus and wakefulness with a relatively clear-headed profile.	moderate	Anecdotal
Mild mood liftModest euphoria and motivation at common doses.		Anecdotal
Appetite suppressionReduced hunger, consistent with its phenmetrazine lineage.		Anecdotal

05 Side effects

Effect	Severity	Frequency	Evidence
Insomnia and comedownSleep disruption followed by fatigue and low mood.	Moderate	Very common	Anecdotal
Compulsive redosingRedosing common as effects taper, increasing total exposure.	Moderate	Common	Anecdotal
Cardiovascular strainTachycardia and hypertension; implicated in toxicity cases, often with other drugs.	Severe	Common	Observational

06 Legal status

Scheduled narcotic

Controlled in Sweden following toxicity reports. · as of Jan 2026

Psychoactive Substances Act 2016

Production and supply prohibited. · as of Jan 2026

07 References

3-Fluorophenmetrazine (3-FPM) fatalities and toxicologyPubMed

New psychoactive substances overviewEUDA (European Union Drugs Agency)

08 Discussion0 comments

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This page is reference information, not medical advice. Doses and protocols are documented as they appear in the clinical literature and in practice — describing them is not a recommendation to use them. Countermeasures listed here are not a substitute for a physician. Legal status varies by jurisdiction and changes.